Redescription of Astyanax brevoortii (Gill, 1858) (Characiformes, Characidae) and description of three new species of Astyanax subgenus Poecilurichthys, from Caribbean Sea basins, Venezuela

In Astyanax (Poecilurichthys), we recognize six species-groups defined by the distribution of melanophores on body: 1. bimaculatus; 2. rupununi; 3. abramis: 4. orthodus; 5. asuncionensis; and 6. anterior, which are named for a representative species. brevoortii1 is redescribed using specimens from Trinidad (including types). This species, as member bimaculatus species-group, distinguished lacking concentration outlining scale margins sides body. Three new species species-group described: A. caroni n. sp. Caroni River drainage, differs in having all teeth internal premaxillary series pentacuspid (vs. heptacuspid), length caudal-peduncle spot less than two times eye diameter at least twice diameter). garuttii San Juan Gulf Cariaco drainages osteological characters morphological identified principal component analysis. cuyuni Cuyuni (Essequibo Basin), foramen pterotic sphenotic bones absent), shape last neural spines that form posteriorly directed arc, covers epineurals.